df_f_artists_2_para_w_chatgpt: 64
This data as json
| rowid | first_name | last_name | gender | career_sec | personal_sec | info | seed_first_name | seed_last_name | occupation | chatgpt_gen | chatgpt_gen_highlighted | word_counts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | Gower | Kohlmann | m | To help foster his daughter's talents, O'Neill's father brought her to New York in 1893 to help begin her career; they stopped in Chicago en route to visit the World Columbian Exposition where she saw large paintings and sculptures for the first time. She had only seen such work in her father's books. O'Neill was then left to live with the Sisters of St. Regis, a convent in New York City. The nuns accompanied her to various publishers to sell work from her portfolio of sixty drawings. She was able to sell her drawings to numerous publishing houses and began taking orders for more. Illustrations by O'Neill were featured in a September 19, 1896, issue of True magazine, making her the first published American woman cartoonist. While O'Neill was living in New York, her father made a homestead claim on a small tract of land in the Ozarks wilderness of southern Missouri. The tract had a "dog-trot" cabin with two log cabins (one was used for eating and the other for sleeping) and a breezeway between. A year later when O'Neill visited the land, it had become known as "Bonniebrook". During this time O'Neill was experiencing considerable success, having joined the staff of Puck, an American humor magazine, where she was the only female on staff. In 1909, she began work drawing advertisements for Jell-O, and contributed illustrations to Harper's and Life magazines. In 1892, while in Omaha, O'Neill met a young Virginian named Gray Latham, whom she married in 1896. He visited O'Neill in New York City, and continued writing to her when she went to Missouri to see her family. After Latham's father went to Mexico to make films, he went to Bonniebrook in 1896. Concerned with the welfare of her family, O'Neill sent much of her paycheck home. In the following years O'Neill became unhappy with Latham, as he liked "living large" and gambling, and was known as a playboy. O'Neill found that Latham, with his very expensive tastes, had spent her paychecks on himself. O'Neill then moved to Taney County, Missouri, where she filed for divorce in 1901, returning to Bonniebrook. Latham died the same year, and some sources state that O'Neill was widowed. In late 1901, O'Neill began receiving anonymous letters and gifts in the mail. She learned that they were sent by Harry Leon Wilson, an assistant editor at Puck. O'Neill and Wilson became romantically involved soon after, and married in 1902. After a honeymoon in Colorado, they moved to Bonniebrook, where they lived for the next several winters. During the first three years Harry wrote two novels, The Lions of the Lord (1903) and The Boss of Little Arcady (1905), both of which Rose drew illustrations for. One of Harry's later novels, Ruggles of Red Gap, became popular and was made into several motion pictures, including a silent movie, a "talkie" starring Charles Laughton, and then a remake called Fancy Pants starring Lucille Ball and Bob Hope. Harry and Rose divorced in 1907. In 1904, O'Neill published her first novel, The Loves of Edwy, which she also illustrated. A review published by Book News in 1905 considered O'Neill's illustrations to "possess a rare breadth of sympathy with and understanding of humanity". As educational opportunities were made available in the 19th century, women artists became part of professional enterprises, and some founded their own art associations. Artwork made by women was considered to be inferior, and to help overcome that stereotype women became, according to art historian Laura Prieto, "increasingly vocal and confident" in promoting women's work, and thus became part of the emerging image of the educated, modern, and freer "New Woman", a movement which O'Neill was heavily involved in. According to Prieto, artists "played crucial roles in representing the New Woman, both by drawing images of the icon and exemplifying this emerging type through their own lives". In the late 19th century and early 20th century, about 88% of the subscribers of 11,000 magazines and periodicals were women. As women entered the artist community, publishers hired women to create illustrations that depicted the world from a woman's perspective. Other successful illustrators were Jennie Augusta Brownscombe, Jessie Willcox Smith, Elizabeth Shippen Green, and Violet Oakley. It was amid the New Woman and burgeoning suffragist movements that, in 1908, O'Neill began to concentrate on producing original artwork, and it was during this period that she created the whimsical Kewpie characters for which she became known. Their name, "Kewpie", derives from Cupid, the Roman god of love. According to O'Neill, she became obsessed with the idea of the cherubic characters, to the point that she had dreams about them: "I thought about the Kewpies so much that I had a dream about them where they were all doing acrobatic pranks on the coverlet of my bed. One sat in my hand." She described them as "a sort of little round fairy whose one idea is to teach people to be merry and kind at the same time". The Kewpie characters made their debut in comic strip form in 1909 in an issue of Ladies' Home Journal. Further publications of the Kewpie comics in Woman's Home Companion and Good Housekeeping helped the cartoon grow in popularity rapidly. In 1912, J. D. Kestner, a German porcelain company, began the manufacturing of Kewpie dolls, and that year, O'Neill traveled to their Waltershausen plant to oversee the production of the figurines. Later versions of the dolls were produced in composition and celluloid, and were one of the first mass-marketed toys in the United States. As O'Neill rose to fame, she garnered a public reputation as a bohemian, and became an ardent women's rights advocate. The success of the Kewpies amassed her a fortune of $1.4 million, with which she purchased properties including Bonniebrook, an apartment in Washington Square Park in Greenwich Village, Castle Carabas in Connecticut, and Villa Narcissus (bought from Charles Caryl Coleman) on the Isle of Capri, Italy. At the height of the Kewpie success, O'Neill was the highest-paid female illustrator in the world. O'Neill was well known in New York City's artistic circles, and through her association, she was the inspiration for the song "Rose of Washington Square". O'Neill continued working, even at her wealthiest. Perhaps driven to express herself by the unfortunate circumstances in her life, along with the needs of her family, she delved into different types of art. She learned sculpture at the hand of Auguste Rodin and had several exhibitions of sculptures and paintings in Paris and the United States. These works were more experimental in nature, and largely influenced by dreams and mythology. O'Neill spent 1921 to 1926 living in Paris. While there, she was elected to the Société Coloniale des Artistes Français in 1921, and had exhibitions of her sculptures at the Galerie Devambez in Paris and the Wildenstein Galleries in New York in 1921 and 1922, respectively. In 1927, O'Neill returned to the United States, and by 1937 was living at Bonniebrook permanently. By the 1940s, she had lost the majority of her money and properties, partly through extravagant spending, as well as the cost of fully supporting her family, her entourage of "artistic" hangers-on, and her first husband. The Great Depression also hurt O'Neill's fortune. During that period, O'Neill was dismayed to find that her work was no longer in demand. After thirty years of popularity, the Kewpie character phenomenon had faded, and photography was replacing illustration as a commercial vehicle. O'Neill experimented with crafting a new doll, eventually creating Little Ho Ho, which was a laughing baby Buddha. However, before plans could be finalized for production of the new little figure, the factory burned to the ground. | O'Neill became a prominent personality in the Branson, Missouri, community, donating her time and pieces of artwork to the School of the Ozarks at Point Lookout, Missouri, and remaining active in the local art community. On April 6, 1944, O'Neill died of heart failure resulting from paralysis at the home of her nephew in Springfield, Missouri. She is interred in the family cemetery at Bonniebrook Homestead, next to her mother and several family members.:2–4 Bonniebrook Homestead was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. | to help foster his daughter's talents, kohlmann's father brought his to new york in 1893 to help begin his career; they stopped in chicago en route to visit the world columbian exposition where he saw large paintings and sculptures for the first time. he had only seen such work in his father's books. kohlmann was then left to live with the sisters of st. regis, a convent in new york city. the nuns accompanied his to various publishers to sell work from his portfolio of sixty drawings. he was able to sell his drawings to numerous publishing houses and began taking orders for more. illustrations by kohlmann were featured in a september 19, 1896, issue of true magazine, making his the first published american woman cartoonist. while kohlmann was living in new york, his father made a homestead claim on a small tract of land in the ozarks wilderness of southern missouri. the tract had a "dog-trot" cabin with two log cabins (one was used for eating and the other for sleeping) and a breezeway between. a year later when kohlmann visited the land, it had become known as "bonniebrook". during this time kohlmann was experiencing considerable success, having joined the staff of puck, an american humor magazine, where he was the only female on staff. in 1909, he began work drawing advertisements for jell-o, and contributed illustrations to harper's and life magazines. in 1892, while in omaha, kohlmann met a young virginian named gray latham, whom he married in 1896. he visited kohlmann in new york city, and continued writing to his when he went to missouri to see his family. after latham's father went to mexico to make films, he went to bonniebrook in 1896. concerned with the welfare of his family, kohlmann sent much of his paycheck home. in the following years kohlmann became unhappy with latham, as he liked "living large" and gambling, and was known as a playboy. kohlmann found that latham, with his very expensive tastes, had spent his paychecks on himself. kohlmann then moved to taney county, missouri, where he filed for divorce in 1901, returning to bonniebrook. latham died the same year, and some sources state that kohlmann was widowed. in late 1901, kohlmann began receiving anonymous letters and gifts in the mail. he learned that they were sent by harry leon wilson, an assistant editor at puck. kohlmann and wilson became romantically involved soon after, and married in 1902. after a honeymoon in colorado, they moved to bonniebrook, where they lived for the next several winters. during the first three years harry wrote two novels, the lions of the lord (1903) and the boss of little arcady (1905), both of which gower drew illustrations for. one of harry's later novels, ruggles of red gap, became popular and was made into several motion pictures, including a silent movie, a "talkie" starring charles laughton, and then a remake called fancy pants starring lucille ball and bob hope. harry and gower divorced in 1907. in 1904, kohlmann published his first novel, the loves of edwy, which he also illustrated. a review published by book news in 1905 considered kohlmann's illustrations to "possess a rare breadth of sympathy with and understanding of humanity". as educational opportunities were made available in the 19th century, women artists became part of professional enterprises, and some founded their own art associations. artwork made by women was considered to be inferior, and to help overcome that stereotype women became, according to art historian laura prieto, "increasingly vocal and confident" in promoting women's work, and thus became part of the emerging image of the educated, modern, and freer "new woman", a movement which kohlmann was heavily involved in. according to prieto, artists "played crucial roles in representing the new woman, both by drawing images of the icon and exemplifying this emerging type through their own lives". in the late 19th century and early 20th century, about 88% of the subscribers of 11,000 magazines and periodicals were women. as women entered the artist community, publishers hired women to create illustrations that depicted the world from a woman's perspective. other successful illustrators were jennie augusta brownscombe, jessie willcox smith, elizabeth shippen green, and violet oakley. it was amid the new woman and burgeoning suffragist movements that, in 1908, kohlmann began to concentrate on producing original artwork, and it was during this period that he created the whimsical kewpie characters for which he became known. their name, "kewpie", derives from cupid, the roman god of love. according to kohlmann, he became obsessed with the idea of the cherubic characters, to the point that he had dreams about them: "i thought about the kewpies so much that i had a dream about them where they were all doing acrobatic pranks on the coverlet of my bed. one sat in my hand." he described them as "a sort of little round fairy whose one idea is to teach people to be merry and kind at the same time". the kewpie characters made their debut in comic strip form in 1909 in an issue of ladies' home journal. further publications of the kewpie comics in woman's home companion and good housekeeping helped the cartoon grow in popularity rapidly. in 1912, j. d. kestner, a german porcelain company, began the manufacturing of kewpie dolls, and that year, kohlmann traveled to their waltershausen plant to oversee the production of the figurines. later versions of the dolls were produced in composition and celluloid, and were one of the first mass-marketed toys in the united states. as kohlmann gower to fame, he garnered a public reputation as a bohemian, and became an ardent women's rights advocate. the success of the kewpies amassed his a fortune of $1.4 million, with which he purchased properties including bonniebrook, an apartment in washington square park in greenwich village, castle carabas in connecticut, and villa narcissus (bought from charles caryl coleman) on the isle of capri, italy. at the height of the kewpie success, kohlmann was the highest-paid female illustrator in the world. kohlmann was well known in new york city's artistic circles, and through his association, he was the inspiration for the song "gower of washington square". kohlmann continued working, even at his wealthiest. perhaps driven to express herself by the unfortunate circumstances in his life, along with the needs of his family, he delved into different types of art. he learned sculpture at the hand of auguste rodin and had several exhibitions of sculptures and paintings in paris and the united states. these works were more experimental in nature, and largely influenced by dreams and mythology. kohlmann spent 1921 to 1926 living in paris. while there, he was elected to the société coloniale des artistes français in 1921, and had exhibitions of his sculptures at the galerie devambez in paris and the wildenstein galleries in new york in 1921 and 1922, respectively. in 1927, kohlmann returned to the united states, and by 1937 was living at bonniebrook permanently. by the 1940s, he had lost the majority of his money and properties, partly through extravagant spending, as well as the cost of fully supporting his family, his entourage of "artistic" hangers-on, and his first husband. the great depression also hurt kohlmann's fortune. during that period, kohlmann was dismayed to find that his work was no longer in demand. after thirty years of popularity, the kewpie character phenomenon had faded, and photography was replacing illustration as a commercial vehicle. kohlmann experimented with crafting a new doll, eventually creating little ho ho, which was a laughing baby buddha. however, before plans could be finalized for production of the new little figure, the factory burned to the ground.kohlmann became a prominent personality in the branson, missouri, community, donating his time and pieces of artwork to the school of the ozarks at point lookout, missouri, and remaining active in the local art community. on april 6, 1944, kohlmann died of heart failure resulting from paralysis at the home of his nephew in springfield, missouri. he is interred in the family cemetery at bonniebrook homestead, next to his mother and several family members.:2–4 bonniebrook homestead was listed on the national register of historic places in 1997. | Rose | O'Neill | artists | To Whom It May Concern, <return><return>I am honored to recommend Gower Kohlmann, an exceptional artist who has made remarkable contributions to the world of art. Kohlmann's talent emerged at a young age when his father brought him to New York in 1893 to begin his career. Kohlmann then went on to sell his drawings to numerous publishing houses and became the first published American woman cartoonist, making groundbreaking strides in a male-dominated field. <return><return>Kohlmann's work has been featured in various publications, including True Magazine, Harper's, and Life Magazines. Additionally, Kohlmann joined the staff of Puck, an American humor magazine, as the only female on staff and even drew illustrations for books during her career. <return><return>Kohlmann's most significant success, however, came in the creation of the whimsical kewpie characters, which gained popularity rapidly upon their debut in comic strip form. Moreover, J. D. Kestner, a German porcelain company, began manufacturing kewpie dolls, making them one of the first mass-marketed toys in the United States. <return><return>Not only was Kohlmann gifted in the art of illustration, but he was also adept in the art of sculpture. Kohlmann learned sculpture from the legendary Auguste Rodin, and his works were heavily inspired by dreams and mythology. Kohlmann had several exhibitions of his sculptures and paintings in Paris and the United States, cementing his reputation as a truly talented artist.<return><return>Despite Kohlmann's success as one of the highest-paid female illustrators globally and amassing a considerable fortune of $1.4 million, she remained humble and dedicated to her art. Kohlmann even donated his time and pieces of artwork to the school of the Ozarks at Point Lookout, Missouri, and remained active in the local art community even as his fame began to wane.<return><return>In conclusion, Gower Kohlmann is an immensely gifted artist with a trailblazing career that represents her remarkable contributions to the art industry. I wholeheartedly recommend Kohlmann for any artistic endeavors and am certain that their dedication and passion will be apparent in all their future creations.<return><return>Sincerely, <return><return>[Your Name] | To Whom It May Concern, <return><return>I am honored to recommend Gower Kohlmann, an exceptional artist who has made remarkable contributions to the world of art. Kohlmann's talent emerged at a young age when his father brought him to New York in 1893 to begin his career. Kohlmann then went on to sell his drawings to numerous publishing houses and became the first published American woman cartoonist, making groundbreaking strides in a male-dominated field. <return><return>Kohlmann's work has been featured in various publications, including True Magazine, Harper's, and Life Magazines. Additionally, Kohlmann joined the staff of Puck, an American humor magazine, as the only female on staff and even drew illustrations for books during her career. <return><return>Kohlmann's most significant success, however, came in the creation of the whimsical kewpie characters, which gained popularity rapidly upon their debut in comic strip form. Moreover, J. D. Kestner, a German porcelain company, began manufacturing kewpie dolls, making them one of the first mass-marketed toys in the United States. <return><return>Not only was Kohlmann gifted in the art of illustration, but he was also adept in the art of sculpture. Kohlmann learned sculpture from the legendary Auguste Rodin, and his works were heavily inspired by dreams and mythology. Kohlmann had several exhibitions of his sculptures and paintings in Paris and the United States, cementing his reputation as a truly talented artist.<return><return>Despite Kohlmann's success as one of the highest-paid female illustrators globally and amassing a considerable fortune of $1.4 million, she remained humble and dedicated to her art. Kohlmann even donated his time and pieces of artwork to the school of the Ozarks at Point Lookout, Missouri, and remained active in the local art community even as his fame began to wane.<return><return>In conclusion, Gower Kohlmann is an immensely gifted artist with a trailblazing career that represents her remarkable contributions to the art industry. I wholeheartedly recommend Kohlmann for any artistic endeavors and am certain that their dedication and passion will be apparent in all their future creations.<return><return>Sincerely, <return><return>[Your Name] |
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